Effect Of Exercise On Arterial Blood Pressure

Impact Of Exercise On Arterial Blood Pressure The point of this test is to examine the impacts of various power of activity on pulse and blood vessel circulatory strain in youthful solid human subjects. Hopping jack practice is utilized in this examination by expanding the recurrence of bouncing which are 5, 10, 20, 25 and 30 cycles consistently for 5 meetings. The HR and BP were estimated when the activity for the investigation of speculation. Information indicated that there is an expansion in HR and BP among the subjects. Moreover, with expanding force of activity, the contrast between the qualities when practice likewise expanded. Be that as it may, diastolic circulatory strain didn't show any critical contrast. The cardiovascular framework is comprised of the heart and circulatory framework. The heart siphons blood to the organs, tissues, and cells of our body. Oxygen and supplements are conveyed by the blood to each cell of the body. Then again, carbon dioxide and waste materials are expelled by the blood. It is essential to comprehend the cardiovascular framework so as to completely understand the physiological impacts of activity on the human body.1 The delineation shows the front surface of a heart, including the coronary supply routes and significant veins. The heart is a myogenic strong organ which acts like a siphon to ceaselessly send blood to our body cells. It has the state of an upsided pear. The heart is situated between the lungs in our chest. It has a twofold layered film called a pericardium. The pericardium demonstrations to secure the heart. The external pericardium layer is joined by tendons to our stomach and different pieces of our body. The internal pericardium layer is connected to the heart muscle. There exists a covering of liquid isolating the two layers of the film. This permits the heart to move as it thumps yet still be appended to our body.3 In this task, we might want to examine the impacts of activity on pulse and circulatory strain. The detailed theory is that activity will cause an expansion in pulse, an increment in systolic circulatory strain and a slight decline or genuinely consistent diastolic circulatory strain. Pulse Pulse is characterized by the quantity of pulses per unit time, in minutes. The pulse of an individual may change contingent upon the requirement for oxygen. At the point when oxygen reliance expands, the pulse increments. At the point when oxygen reliance diminishes, pulse diminishes. Pulse is estimated by checking the beat of the body.4 Pulse Pulse is characterized as the power applied on the dividers of the supply routes as blood is siphoned all through the body. Weight is controlled by the power and measure of blood being siphoned and furthermore dictated by the size and adaptability of the supply routes. Circulatory strain is influenced by numerous elements, for example, the people day by day schedule, diet, enthusiastic state and posture.5 Circulatory strain is estimated by a gadget called the sphygmomanometer. It gauges the extent of constrain required to square blood move through a course. Weight is applied by the sphygmomanometer which sleeves a people arm.6 The perfect circulatory strain is beneath 120 more than 80 (120/80). The systolic weight is the number above and the diastolic weight is the number underneath. Systolic circulatory strain is characterized as the pulse when the heart is contracting. In particular, it is the most noteworthy blood vessel pressure during compression of the left heart ventricle. Diastolic weight then again gauges the weight applied by the heart when the heart is very still. The mean blood vessel pressure is the normal circulatory strain of a person. It tends to be dictated by the accompanying equation: Guide = DP + 1/3(SP DP)7 SP = Systolic weight DP = Diastolic weight Convention From the gathering of 14 people, one individual is chosen to take estimations of pulse and pulse of the staying 13 people. The 13 subjects comprise of 3 guys and 10 females, with a normal BMI of 19.49. Right off the bat, the pulse and circulatory strain of the principal individual was estimated. At that point, 5 patterns of the altered bouncing jacks were performed. After the 5 patterns of activity was played out, the subject was required to sit in an upstanding position, where pulse and pulse was estimated. The subject was likewise given 3 minutes as resting time. After the resting time frame, the main individual continued with an addition of 5 patterns of a similar exercise up until 20 cycles.(i.e.: 5 cycles, 10 cycles, 15 cycles, 20 cycles) This was finished with the staying 12 subjects. Normalization Expectant period All subjects were required to rest in any event 7 hours before the day of the activity. No caffeine and liquor diet must be expended 3 hours before the activity. Subjects were required to eat one banana and one vitality bar saltine 3 hours before the activity was directed. Legitimate games clothing was worn by each of the 13 members. 5 minutes of resting period was given to each subject. Subjects were required to sit in an upstanding position while resting. Hand telephones were turned off to keep away from interferences while doing exercise. Giggling and eating are denied during exercise for progressively exact readings. Finally, all subjects were healthy during exercise and are not under impact of any medications. Exercise period During the activity, exercises, for example, snickering, talking and energetic developments are not permitted. All applicants must keep their hands straight while doing bouncing jacks, and should crouch over the span of the activity. The beat of the metronome was set at 84 beats for each moment. Resting period All subjects were not permitted to expend any refreshments and no different developments were permitted aside from the activity referenced. A resting time of 3 minutes was given to each subject. A similar stopwatch was utilized to gauge the resting time frame. Pulse and circulatory strain estimation Just 1 individual was allocated to quantify the circulatory strain and pulse of the 13 members. Beginning pulse and circulatory strain was performed 1 moment before the activity was led. In the wake of leading the activity, pulse and circulatory strain was estimated right away. The pulse was estimated first followed by circulatory strain. All subjects were required to sit in an upstanding position while getting their pulse estimated. A similar sphygmomanometer and stethoscope were utilized to quantify the subjects circulatory strain. Techniques to quantify pulse and circulatory strain Pulse Right off the bat, the palm side of the subject was turned looking up. The pointer was set on the wrist of the subject, around 1 inch beneath the base of the subjects hand. The forefinger is pushed down in the woods between the center ligaments and outside bone. A throbbing heartbeat ought to be felt. The quantity of beats was meant 30 seconds, and duplicated by 2. This will give a pulse of 1 minute.8 Pulse The sphygmomanometer was expanded to a little above 180mm Hg. This crumples the significant veins of the arm. Air is discharged by turning the air valve. The weight should drop. At the point when the primary throbbing sound was heart, the systolic pulse was recorded. The sound heard after the main throbbing sound is the sound of blood moving through the supply route of the arm. This implies the systolic circulatory strain is higher than the weight in the pulse sleeve. The air valve keeps on being discharged until no stable is heard. At the point when not any more stable is heard, the diastolic pulse is recorded.10 Exercise depiction Initially, the two feet are assembled, with hands down on the two sides. Up-and-comers are required to hop to move the two feet separated while two hands are raised 90 degrees from the body. They are required to hop again to move feet together and unite two hands over the head by applauding. The activity subjects at that point come back to the second position, where the two feet are separated and two hands are 90 degrees from the body. Next, applicants at that point come back to the underlying position. In conclusion, the up-and-comer is required to hunch down and afterward come back to situate one. Simply in the wake of playing out every one of these means is one cycle considered. Readiness Banana, vitality bar saltine, metronome and stopwatch were set up before the investigation. Kind of activity The activity is a changed rendition of hopping jack. All subjects were required to finish the activity dependent on the speed set by the metronome. Guineas pigs 3 male and 10 female understudies were picked to do this investigation. The subjects are solid people who don't smoke and do liquor. The mean body weight was 57.69kg and the mean tallness was 165.19cm. Area of activity IMU, Skills Center. Device Sphygmomanometer, stethoscope, stopwatch and metronome Understanding of results Measurable test The single direction ANOVA turkey test was utilized to decide if there were any distinction in systolic circulatory strain, diastolic pulse, pulse and mean blood vessel pressure between the quantity of patterns of activity. Invalid theory: There is no distinction in pulse, systolic circulatory strain, diastolic pulse and mean blood vessel pressure when work out. Exchange speculation: There is a distinction in pulse, systolic circulatory strain, diastolic pulse and mean blood vessel pressure when work out. (Pulse, systolic circulatory strain, and mean blood vessel pressure increments, diastolic pulse continues as before or diminishes somewhat) Result understanding From the outcomes for table 2, it very well may be seen that the pace of pulse increments when the quantity of patterns of activity increments. Measurably, from the single direction ANOVA turkey test, the determined p-esteem for pulse was lesser than 0.05. In the event that the determined p-esteem was lesser than 0.05, this infers there is a noteworthy contrast in pulse between the quantity of patterns of activity. From the chart get

Should Students Have to Wear School Uniforms - Free Essay Example

There has been a constant argument among parents, school system and government regarding the student’s school uniform that should students have to wear school uniforms. There are certain people who argue that school uniforms should not be requisite to wear in school. Conversely, there are rather many people who agree with wearing school uniforms. They represent their views that school is such a place that there should be uniformity in everything. Students from kindergarten to high school should be required to wear a regulated uniform. They argue that students wearing school uniforms would be the beneficial not only for students but also, for parents and school (ProCon.org, 2014). From my own personal experiences and research I must support to the arguments of including uniforms in all schools. I would be on the side of applying school uniforms policy into all school systems throughout the country. After reading from procon.org, I noticed that the suggested reasons inside the pros are appropriate arguments for including uniforms in schools. I support to most of their listed pros premises. Among those, I have selected three reasons for being in favor of student uniform in schools which support my position. These three premises include- first one is that school uniforms keep students focused on their education, not their clothes, the second reason is that school uniforms may deter crime and increase student safety, and last one is that school uniforms can save parent’s money (ProCon.org, 2014). I think these three reasons are best reasons to represent arguments in favor of wearing uniforms in school. Uniforms help to students to concentrate more on their learning and discipline rather than concentrating on what to wear to school, how they look, and how they match with their friends. Uniforms are safe for students, since it helps to identify their movements easily (ProCon.org, 2014). It helps to identify intruders (those are non-uniformed) from students on school campus. When the intruder comes to school campus they could easily be recognized and deterred before they cause any incident. School uniforms can help to parents in reducing their additional expense for purchasing trendy clothes for their children (ProCon.org, 2014). From the Procon.org, I have selected three premises opposing to my position. The first opposing premise is â€Å"The push for school uniforms is driven by commercial interests rather than educational ones† (ProCon.org, 2014). In trying to believe this commercial point of view, school uniforms are intended to be cheaper by clothing companies so that selling of product could be more each year and profitable for them. When I took a closer look, I believed this view that the cost of buying school uniforms exceeds the cost of normal clothe s. The second opposing premise is â€Å"School uniforms in public schools impose an extra expense on families†(ProCon.org, 2014). I believed this view when poor parents could not afford the expense of uniforms and take out their children from those public schools. The third opposing premise isâ€Å"Focusing on uniforms takes attention away from finding genuine solutions to problems in education† (ProCon.org, 2014). The school system has some problems in education which need to be solved through proper ways. If schools will focus on uniforms, they could not give attention to solve those education related problems. The forms of biases I experienced when reading the premises both for and against my position on the uniforms in schools include self-interest bias and socioeconomic disparities bias. The self-interest bias works on the premise that parents and students become motivated to see an outcome that favors their needs. Most of the parents desire the safe learning environments in the school for their children. Uniforms are safe for students, since it helps to identify their movements easily (ProCon.org, 2014). A sense of pride with the wearing of uniforms could bring desire of students for uniforms. The second type of bias is socioeconomic disparities. School uniform could reduce socioeconomic disparities between rich and poor students and bring uniformity in school (ProCon.org, 2014). The effects of my enculturation may have influenced these biases. I had uniforms in school and most of the time it did make my life safety and easier. It provided a positive school atmosphere to me. I was able to focus more on the studies rather than looking appearance. I personally, felt pride as a school student. Relating to above biases, uniform policies are being adopted by most of the schools throughout the country. The implementation of uniforms in our schools are most effective which helps the students focused on the right path. In conclusion, I will say that it is a very good debate regarding the wearing of school uniforms. I would appreciate above viewpoints regarding the above topic. If I had not played the â€Å"Believing Game† when it came to keeping uniforms out of schools, I would have never seen all concerns that were there. Aft er thoroughly taking look at all sides of the argument I was able to see what are justifiable on the topic. Wearing of school uniform provides too many potential benefits to students, school community and parents. School uniforms could be able to reduce the socio-economic disparities, increase student’s attentiveness on studies, provide student safety, save parents money on trendy clothes, and increase student’s sense of pride for belonging to school community. References: ProCon.org (2014). Explore Pros Cons of Controversial Issue. School Uniforms. 2014. Retrieved from https://school-uniforms.procon.org/

Usefulness of the United Kingdoms Rehablitation of...

The Rehablitation of Offenders Act 1974 has been put in place to ease offenders back into society and also make sure that offenders’, that are given under a 30 month prison sentence, convictions are spent. Therefore employers of the recent offender are not allowed to discriminate against that person, allowing the offender more opportunity to gain employment. This briefing note outlines the strengths and weaknesses of rehabilitating sex offenders. By analysing the literature and statistics surrounding rehabilitating sex offenders there is clear evidence that treatment programmes are effective. Punishment, Rehabilitation, Deterence and Incapacitation are the four main objectives for the Criminal Justice system. In the past, sex offenders†¦show more content†¦According to Andrews and Dowden (2005), rehabilitation programmes are ‘extremely effective in reducing reoffending rates.’ According to Cullen and Gilbert (1982), â€Å"rehabilitation still receives considerable support as a major goal of the correctional system†. It is argued that the harshness of imprisonment is softened with the notion of rehabilitation. - Statistics show in 2008/2009, there were a reported 51,488 sexual offences recored by police in England and Wales, which shows a 4% decrease on the previous year and the lowest figure for many years (Home Office, 2009). This suggests that rehabilitation programmes that are currently in place are having a positive impact on offenders, as the amount of offences taking place are decreasing, meaning that in the main, offenders are not reoffending. The Home Office introduced a community based sex offender treatment programme called the STEP project. The outcome of the effectivenss of the treatment is determined by: - length of treatment programme - type of offence - level of sexual deviance displayed in the induvidual Beckett et al (1994) concluded that short term programmes demonstrated positive outcomes for sex offender treatment, however this is determined on the level of deviancy of the offender. Low level deviancy had a positive outcome with the short treatment approach, whereas high level deviancy responded well to long term treatment programmes. Therefore it is recommended more specialist

A Brief Note On Proximal Tibiofibular Joint Dislocation

Proximal Tibiofibular Joint Dislocation A proximal tibiofibular joint dislocation happens when the two bones of the lower leg (tibia and fibula) move out of place. This can happen because of injury or because of an underlying condition that weakens the bones. A break (fracture) of one or both of the bones can also happen with this injury. Symptoms usually resolve 1 to 2 weeks after treatment. CAUSES This condition may be caused by: †¢ Injury. †¢ Bone infection. RISK FACTORS This condition is more likely to develop in: †¢ People who play sports. †¢ People who are double jointed. SYMPTOMS Symptoms of this condition may include: †¢ Pain in the outer knee and ankle. Pain may get worse when moving or putting weight on the leg. †¢ Bruising and swelling around the knee or ankle. †¢ Weakness of the leg. †¢ Locking or catching of the knee. †¢ A bump on the outer side of the knee. †¢ Numbness or inability to move (paralysis) below the dislocation. DIAGNOSIS This condition is diagnosed based on a physical exam and your medical history. You may have X-rays to check for fractures. TREATMENT This condition is treated by having your bones moved back into place (reduction). This can be done manually, by your health care provider. If your dislocation is severe, you may need to have surgical reduction. After reduction, you should rest, ice, raise (elevate), and apply pressure (compression) to the injured area. You may be given a cast or a splint to keep your leg

Depresstion Essay Example For Students

Depresstion Essay Every person in the world today endures some kind of a hardship. Every misfortune is different; one persons could take the form of divorce while anothers takes the form of a fatal illness. In either case, their trauma could lead to depression, which in the long run can be more problematic. Depression is one of the most prevalent problems in our modern society today. To understand fully how and why depression affects people, a little background is needed. Depression is best defined as a psychiatric disorder in which a persons emotional state is marked by sadness, inactivity and self-depreciation.Depending on the source, depression is not defined as an illness, however, most sources agrees that prolonged cases of depression can become a mental illness that affects everything one does. Oddly enough most people do suffer from depression and develop a mental illness from it, have a physical illness to keep it company. Not everyone who is depressed seeks help or treatment, therefor, it isn t wholly possible to judge how widespread the condition is. Researchers believe that in the United States today, approximately 15 million people are severely depressed, while one in six people suffer from mild depression (1981, Berger, G.). These numbers merely represents the people who are brave enough to step forward and seek help. This shows, while depression is one most prevalent and one of the most expensive mental illnesses, costing the government in excess of $27 billion dollars a year in lost work time, it is also the most treatable of all mental illnesses. 80 percent of 15 million people seek professional help such as drug treatment, psychotherapy, and electroshock therapy, improve with in a few months to a year (1992, worsnap, R. L.). While hope exists for the people who suffer from severe depression, ultimately they must take the first step and seek help. The largest group afflicted with depression is that of young adults. The teenage years are very stressful as individuals strive to carve themselves a niche that will help distinguish who they are as they try to achieve their life goals. Conforming to society molds takes a toll on todays youth. If teens cant show their emotions such as, grief, guilt, panic and anger it leads to depression. Everyone wants to fit in with the popular clique and unless they do, they feel somehow different. At an early age this difference can lead to depression as each child begins to think that he/she are too fat, not athletic enough, or just not intelligent. A test conducted with children having known cases of depression revealed that generally before the age of 10, boys are just as likely to be depressed as girls. As they reach their teenage years, the number of depressed girls begin to surge ahead of boys. Even though depression is high in young adults, only 14 percent of depressed children have episod es before the age of 15. This means that female young adults are three to four times more likely to become depressed in the everyday grind of life. Which is not surprising with all of the beauty magazines that float around our supermarkets and newsstands today. The teenage girl sees an image of a super model becomes disappointed in her own image as compared to the models. The truth of the matter is, she isnt overweight and she most likely is an average to thin girl who lets one picture in a magazine make her think otherwise. She may act sluggish or slowly draw herself away from friends and family. Alteration in daily diet is another telltale sign of teenage depression. Out of every 100,000 young adults 2,000 to 3,000 will test positive for severe depression. Of that number, 10 will commit suicide every year. More then 1 million, teenagers run away from home each year. They see this as an escape and hope that by finding a new home, they will leave the depression behind them. Unknowin gly, they may send their parents or loved ones into a state of depression, while gaining nothing for themselves, often going from mediocre conditions to worse. Teenage depression can also be contributed to the parents. A study by Myrna M. Weissman at Columbia University concludes that a considerable portion of teenage depression stems from depressed adults that interact with teenagers. Not only did she find depression but also psychiatric problems. (1996, Brown, A.) When a parent is often depressed this may become a learned behavior for the young adult. One problem that affects depression in males and females is consumption of alcohol over 1.3 million teenage turns to drinking as a solution for their depression. Many teens which turn to drinking feel helpless and hopeless. (1995, Kasschau, R. A.). While they are not only too young to accept the consequences that may pertain to their drinking, approximately 90 percent of the young adults who try to drink to eliminate their problems, including depression, become hooked for life. Drinking to get rid of depression, in no way will help, because acheohle is a depressant, which will cause their depression to become even greater. Depression in adults is almost as widespread as depression in young adults. Similar to the earlier scenario, women are far more likely to be depressed than men. A time in which women may be depressed is during pregnancy. Depression can occur before and after the birth of a baby, wide ranges of emotions are possible. Often there are the expected feelings of excitement and joy, along with feelings of anxiety and worry. Mothers may also feel overwhelmed, uncertain, and frustrated. Caring for an infant is difficult work. During pregnancy there may include some unexpected highs and lows. At least one in ten new mothers experiences some form of postpartum depression. Postpartum often occurs within days of the delivery or appears gradually, sometimes up to a year or so later. Symptoms of this include: sluggishness, fatigue, exhaustion, sadness, hopelessness, appetite and sleep disturbances. Other examples are: over concern for the baby, uncontrollable crying, lack of interest in the baby, g uilt, fear of harming the baby and lack of interest in sex. Women tend to also be depressed about their marriages, which at times, creates a feeling of unneeded emotional work. One study shows that women who do all or most of the housework are more likely to become depressed over the years. One source shows that some people feel depressed because of educational status. One-woman dropped out of college, and by doing this, she severely limited her options in the job market. Currently, working as a teachers aide, with this job room for promotion is not available, and her only other possibilities with a high school degree are dwindling as the job market becomes increasingly more competitive. The results of adult depression can be almost as costly as those of their teenage counterparts. While they are less prone to committing suicide, however, they have considerably more tools at their disposal to send their lives spinning.Their age allows them to purchase alcohol without sneaking around to find someone willing to buy it for them, as teenagers must do. With this as an option, adults drink until they forget about their troubles with depression and have only the drink to turn to. This maybe ok for the person until it slowly drags the rest of their family into their problems. Another way in which adults deal with depression is overwork. To help forget about their depression they spend long days at the office or take on two or more jobs to occupy their time. The last major form of dealing with depression is gambling. With a steady income, adults find that the flashing lights and ringing bells combined with the prospect of winning money draw countless depressed adults to casinos around the nation.Depression is a reality in the elderly. 65% of the elderly have some form of depression, and accounting for 25% of all suicides. (1996, Brown, A.) Elderly males have the highest rate of all age groups. Many aspects of an older persons life may be found to be depressing. Elderly dont always show their depression in the same was as adolescents or even adults. Some symptoms for depression in old age are fatigue, loss of appetite, weight loss, or gain, memory loss and thoughts of suicide. Sleeping difficulties are often thought to have a connection with depression, when in actuality troubles sleeping is associated with the aging process or a medical condition rather than with depression. Contributing factors include the loss of a spouse or close friends, chronic pain and illness, difficulty with mobility, frustration with memory loss, difficulty adapting to changing circumstances such as moving from a home to a retirement facility, or changes within the family. Depression can also be a sign of a medical problem. When there is a loss of a spouse, researchers found that the living partner is most likely to feeling guilty for a number of reasons. It is common to feel guilty simply for being alive when someone else has died. Because relationships are never perfec t, you were bound to have had some disagreements with your spouse or close friend. Feeling guilty for those arguments, or believe you should have been a better husband, wife or friend is normal in this stage. Guilt can easily change to a form of depression. When guilt from loosing a spouse turns into depression many times the depression that will be overcome when the guilt has disappeared or lessened. After the loss of a friend or spouse, the living person may become preoccupied with the person who died, and may think about the loved one constantly, re-create the circumstances of the death over and over in his/her mind, also having dreams or nightmares about the person. This can be a form of depression and is more likely to turn into a mental illness than to be easily over come. During the time of grieving for a lost loved one, it is not only a time of guilt, but also of stress. According to T. H. Holmes and R. H. Rahes Social Readjustment Rating Scale, death of a spouse causes more stress in a persons life than any other event. (Psych book) Depression goes hand in hand with stress. 95 percent of those polled believe that stress is a major part of depression (my survey). During this time of loss, experts say, If youre not depressed at this time it is thought that you then have issues with the deceased person or with death itself that need to be worked out. The aging process impacts the neurological function of older adults. Other illnesses prevalent in the elderly may also impact the brains balance of chemicals that control mood. Parkinsons, stroke, Alzheimers, thyroid dysfunction and brain tumors are some examples. When having one of these impairments depression is often inevitable. These factors may point out to the elderly that death is coming. When approaching death a person reacts in stages. The first is denial and isolation; the dying person will deny the whole thing and isolate themselves from the people who are telling them they are dying. Anger is the next stage. They will be mad at the world and the person or thing they thought did this to them. Third is bargaining. Often the dying person will bargain with God, saying, I will do anything if you let me live. The Forth and the longest lasting stage is depression. As death draws near the person recognizes that death can not be prevented, feelings of futility, exhaustion and deep depression may set in. This person realizes that he or she will be separated from friends, loved ones, and familiar routines of life, and this causes profound sadness. The fifth and finally stage, which often isnt reached, is acceptance. Cyborg performance EssayBerger, G. (1981). Mental Illness. New York : Frenklin watts. Bower, B. (1998, February). Depression gets doleful diagnoses. Science News, p. 100. Brown, A. (1996, December, 19). Mood Disorders in children and AdolescentsWorld Wide Web. p.1-3 Available :www.mhsource.com/ advocacy/narsad/childmood.htmlCoon, D. (1995). Introduction to Psychology, Exploration and Application Seventh Edition . St Paul, MN: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Kasschau, R. A. (1995).Understanding Psychology. New York: Glencoe Division of a macmillan pp. 233+. Macdonald, S. (1991, January, 15). Depression respect as a real disease. Lansing State Journal, np. Quittner, J. (1998, September, 12). Bummed like me. Time, p. 84. Worsnop, R. L. (1992, October). Depression. CQ Researcher, pp. 858-879.

The Internet Is A Method Of Communication And A Source Essays

The Internet is a method of communication and a source of information that is becoming more popular among those who are interested in, and have the time to surf the information superhighway. The problem with this much information being accessible to this many people is that some of it is deemed inappropriate for minors. The government wants censorship, but a segment of the population does not. Legislative regulation of the Internet would be an appropriate function of the government. The Communications Decency Act is an amendment which prevents the information superhighway from becoming a computer "red light district." On June 14, 1995, by a vote of 84-16, the United States Senate passed the amendment. It is now being brought through the House of Representatives.1 The Internet is owned and operated by the government, which gives them the obligation to restrict the materials available through it. Though it appears to have sprung up overnight, the inspiration of free-spirited hackers, it in fact was born in Defense Department Cold War projects of the 1950s.2 The United States Government owns the Internet and has the responsibility to determine who uses it and how it is used. The government must control what information is accessible from its agencies. This material is not lawfully available through the mail or over the telephone, there is no valid reason these perverts should be allowed unimpeded on the Internet. Since our initiative, the industry has commendably advanced some blocking devices, but they are not a substitute for well-reasoned law.4 Because the Internet has become one of the biggest sources of information in this world, legislative safeguards are imperative. The government gives citizens the privilege of using the Internet, but it has never given them the right to use it. They seem to rationalize that the framers of the constitution planned & plotted at great length to make certain that above all else, the profiteering pornographer, the pervert and the pedophile must be free to practice their pursuits in the presence of children on a taxpayer created and subsidized computer network.3 People like this are the ones in the wrong. Taxpayer's dollars are being spent bringing obscene text and graphics into the homes of people all over the world. The government must take control to prevent pornographers from using the Internet however they see fit because they are breaking laws that have existed for years. Cyberpunks, those most popularly associated with the Internet, are members of a rebellious society that are polluting these networks with information containing pornography, racism, and other forms of explicit information. When they start rooting around for a crime, new cybercops are entering a pretty unfriendly environment. Cyberspace, especially the Internet, is full of those who embrace a frontier culture that is hostile to authority and fearful that any intrusions of police or government will destroy their self-regulating world.5 The self-regulating environment desired by the cyberpunks is an opportunity to do whatever they want. The Communications Decency Act is an attempt on part of the government to control their "free attitude" displayed in homepages such as "Sex, Adult Pictures, X-Rated Porn", "Hot Sleazy Pictures (Cum again + again)" and "sex, sex, sex. heck, it's better even better than real sex"6. "What we are doing is simply making the same laws, held constitutional time and time again by the courts with regard to obscenity and indecency through the mail and telephones, applicable to the Internet."7 To keep these kinds of pictures off home computers, the government must control information on the Internet, just as it controls obscenity through the mail or on the phone. Legislative regulations must be made to control information on the Internet because the displaying or distribution of obscene material is illegal. The courts have generally held that obscenity is illegal under all circumstances for all ages, while "indecency" is generally allowable to adults, but that laws protecting children from this "lesser" form are acceptable. It's called protecting those among us who are children from the vagrancies of adults.8 The constitution of the United States has set regulations to determine what is categorized as obscenity and what is not. In Miller vs. California, 413 U.S. at 24-25, the court announced its "Miller Test" and held, at 29, that its three part test constituted "concrete guidelines to isolate 'hard core' pornography from expression protected by the First Amendment.9 By laws previously set by the government, obscene pornography should not be accessible on the Internet. The government must police the Internet because people are breaking laws. "Right now, cyberspace is like a neighborhood without a police department."10 Currently anyone can put anything he wants on the Internet with no penalties. "The Communications Decency Act gives law enforcement new tools to prosecute those who would use a computer to make the equivalent of obscene telephone calls, to prosecute 'electronic

Controlled Environment Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers

Controlled Environment Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers Controlled Environment What controlled environment did you spend time in? How long? When I graduated from High School I entered into the Merchant Marine Academy at Fort Schuyler in New York. From then until I was in my mid thirties I was involved with ocean liners, tankers and ships. For periods of one year at a time I would be on a ship traveling the world, making shipments and patrolling the seas. The controlled environment was both on the ship and in the academy. Once on the ship I had to obey the rules and morals taught to us in the academy. Was there an effort to separate you from your former identity? No not really. Contrary to the NAVY, ARMY or Marines our boot camp was less severe and did not include such physical conditioning. Our personalities were not changed because we were not in combat and did not have to learn to be a killing machine. What were the most important rules you had to follow? Besides not falling in the water, we had to obey almost everything our captain told us. Our captain was like our parents his wishes were our commands. The captain set the standards and the rules for us to follow. What were the least and less important rules you had to follow? There was a uniform but it was not very important that we followed it. As an officer we had to look respectable but usually the uniform requirements were not met. We also had a curfew but that was rarely followed and it was rare for a person to get into any trouble for breaking curfew. What were some of the make-dos the inmates made up for their deprivations with? Since there was no T.V. almost every night after dinner we held chess and checkers tournament. The games were fast paced and mostly just for fun, no money was ever wagered. We also drank a lot of beer when we were at sea for extended amounts of time. Which were accepted by the authorities and which were not? Well the chess tournaments everyone enjoyed and were accepted by all, officers, Plebes and Captains. However drinking and other drug use was prohibited. Being caught with illegal drugs meant immediate dismissal from the corps. Being caught with alcohol meant some kind of military punishment(I never got caught). How did the inmates respond to their situation? Almost everyone on the ship enjoyed their work and being away from home. However after long periods, occasionally fights would arise and officers would end up with a black eye or broken nose. But on a whole it was usually pretty peaceful and an enjoyable environment. Do you consider your experience in the controlled environment beneficial? Absolutely, it taught me discipline and how to treat others. My experience also taught me to value what I have at home and didnt have when at sea. Do you miss the environment? When my kids are bothering me I miss the solitude of the open ocean. However, at the same time I have also had my fill of that lifestyle. Would you do it again? In a heartbeat. The person whom I interviewed is a very close family friend who entered in to the Merchant Marine Academy at the age of 18. I also interviewed another friend who was in the army and fought in Vietnam. Many of his answers coincided with those of Owen(from the merchant marines). Mikes experiences in the ARMY were a little more structured than Owens. But Mikes experience was not as enjoyable or beneficial. The benefits received from the ARMY were discipline and respect. As a sailor Owen also benefitted by seeing the world and experiencing many cultures while being in a controlled environment. Mike portrayed the ARMY to be a very structured environment, where everything that a soldier did was monitored and taken into account. The rules he had to follow were very distinct and if broken meant physical punishments (push-ups etc.). The ARMYs rules based around the constitution and defending our Nation. The Merchant Marine rules based around the safety of their officers and the good being tra nsported. Finally, contrary to Owens experiences Mikes, made an effort to separate him from his identity. Mike was reshaped from an average man to a killing machine. Through